The country we live in is peculiar. Note the obvious aversion to the word unique, as the term is local to all countries. Peculiar, though, connotes a certain funny aspect, a quirk or the multiple thereof of qualities that are either positive or negative, just, heck, weird.
If this article was done to list and expound on all of these quirks, this would be a three-part series in TIME. So let’s list three, which are contemporary and ingrained in our systems.
The first is that we are still sexist. Though not in the women-cannot-vote version, our sexist nature exists in more positive things: we call it chivalry. We open doors, pull chairs, pay bills, pine, and act like complete knights in shining armor for our women. The male populace’s perception of the fairer sex is still locked in the highest castle tower, waiting for Prince Charming or Pedro Penduko. This is good, if only women still held the same social roles they had in the time of Padre Damaso. We neglect the fact that times have changed and women are more proactive, career-oriented and strong willed. To the Filipino macho, she is still Maria Clara, feeble and fragile, a creature of whims and pleasures that a man has to provide for, take care of and parade. We respect them when they are our bosses, we follow their orders, but, in the back of our minds, we still don’t trust women, just look at how our reckless macho drivers regard women drivers: weak and lacking in aggression, and, may I add, traffic violations. No matter how far she has come, how she has conquered fields and professions traditionally gender-biased, even if we elected, eherm, her president of the country, the fact of the matter is: we still consider women the weaker sex.
Secondly, we take pride in the funniest things. We are proud of being the text capital of the world, daily and dutifully exchanging messages that are either jokes, inspirational or downright nonsensical, making, with each peso-worth text message or in the surge of text-based contests and promotions, communication conglomerates richer. We even develop text fads, strings of jokes that everyone can participate in, contributing various scenarios within a general concept, all in ideally 160 characters. We hold in high esteem a boxer with no world championship belt, in the largest malls that cover up the reality that most of the populace have no expendable income to spend in these gargantuan establishments. We boast of our indigenous materials, most of which are processed in foreign countries and resold to us at costs many times over what these countries bought it for, take the Nata de Coco for example, now one of the biggest exports of Japan. We glorify the newly lucrative Business Process Outsourcing, creating foreign-owned call centers in various business areas, with workers who are scared of the sun, overworked, butchering the English language our parents have masterfully wielded and paid about 20 percent of what their foreign counterparts make. Finally, and painfully, we seem to have mastered the art of manpower exportation. We revere our overseas workers. Treated badly in first world countries, like peons in the second, the dollars they remit will never make up for the utter decimation brain drain has wreaked on our local professions. Our countrymen, who have one doctor to 200, watch merrily as doctors become nurses; teachers, domestic helpers; architects, draftsmen; lawyers, paralegals in other countries, we couldn’t care less… as long as they bring home the Snickers candy bars.
Finally, and his one stands out as the most positive, as a people, we are able to laugh at ourselves. Take things that are normally hurtful and turn them into comical tirades that lunge at ego’s jugular, yet tickle the funny bone as well. We are naturally easily amused; just look at the noontime shows we watch. Our humor is rooted in self depreciation or insulting others. Those who oppose should take refuge in the laugh-a-minute comedy bars, where you pay gay men to insult you. Or you could always read the published jokes about our former-actor, presidential wristband toting deposed chief executive.
Which brings us to the suddenly serious, come-out-of-nowhere gist of this whole piece: Inday jokes. The recent reverberation of these Short Messaging Service (SMS) messages have outlived other similar joke strings: gone are chain texts, ERAPtions, Ederlyn (though she sometimes has cameo appearances), quoting inanimate objects and, my personal favorite, Boy Bastos. Making most Nokia cellular phones alert are the enigmatic Inday, Dodong, Junior, Mam and Amo. All representations of certain social classes flipped and mixed in an alternate universe where the maid outsmarts the employer. It has its own web log now, www.blogniinday.com, a collection of jokes from and outside the country; it serves as the home for all Inday discussions, getting 7000 visits per day. “At one point, the blog — which has the tag, "Ang sosyal na katulong" — placed sixth among the daily top 10 English blogs hosted by the California-based free blog provider WordPress.com.” (http://www.asianjournal.com/?c=187&a=24319)
In comparison, Inday shares some traits with Pol Medina Jr.’s Pugad Baboy’s Brosia; the maid of the Sungcal family, Brosia is quick witted and gifted with an acid tongue. Medina’s maid almost always wins in her tirade and tease battles with her employer, Mang Dagul. She is also courageous and breaks the mold of traditional house help, at times answering back and even ordering her employer, but most of the time simply being the biggest indispensable thorn in Mang Dagul’s side. The commonality ends there, though, as Brosia is effectively on the weak side in terms of intellect.
The humor of Inday jokes lies not in the command and highfalutin use of the English language, but in how she is knowledgeable and expository, able to show her intellect and befuddle people of seemingly higher social status. To imagine the stereotypical house maid showing as much pizzazz and suave as Inday in her exploits, conditions the readers and sets the stage for the pun of Inday’s intellectual affluence. Her staying power and relevance, though, lies much in contention. “These jokes are reflective of the long-standing low regard for our domestic workers,” said Visayas Forum Foundation deputy executive director Rolando Pacis. “While humor is appreciated once in a while, we must realize that it can also be an insidious medium for normalizing certain negative stereotypes…Is it really unusual and amusing when domestic workers are [portrayed as] smart in the jokes? Is there a presupposition that they are ignorant? Are maids that inconsequential and incapable of any intelligent discussion?”, (‘Inday’ jokes in English, smarter than ‘Eraptions’ Philippine Daily Inquirer 10/10/2007) while the self styled Inday manager, the blogger who put up www.blogniinday.com says “"I’m just a fan of Inday who thinks that she can be a Filipino icon portraying the modern Juan dela Cruz in the urban world". (http://www.asianjournal.com/?c=187&a=24319)
The question of social relevance, either negative or positive, is secondary to Inday jokes’ impact. For a text string to be publicized and debated in national dailies and even featured in Probe, the country’s leading investigative journalism show, bares the fact that the string has caused social discourse. Their meanings and effects are given serious thought: implications to the image of the Filipino domestic helper, of the Visayan people in general, of Filipinas. Not since ERAPtion has SMS messages been deliberately and seriously dissected. It is a folly to presume that Inday jokes remain to be such: jokes. They are to be enjoyed, yes, but their subtleties, albeit unintentionally, have touched a cord that we are very sensitive about: our prejudices as a people.
While the common concept of the classic Filipino house help is dim-witted, subservient, and uneducated, Inday is all of the flipside: confident and intelligent. Nenita “Ka Nitz” Gonzaga, Kilusang Mayo Uno vice president for women’s affairs puts it quite nicely when she said “We think it’s funny because we believe a maid like Inday is impossible. But then, is there such a real person as Inday’s employer, who can tolerate her ways? In bourgeois households, any maid who is — or tries to be — more intelligent than the employer is sure to get fired.”
The Filipino maid: a female, commonly from rural communities and regarded as a lesser member of society depicts perfectly Cheris Kramarae’s Muted Group Theory. “The language of particular culture does not serve all its speakers equally, for not all speakers contribute in an equal fashion to its formulation. Women (and members of other subordinate groups) are not as free or as able as men are to say what they wish, when and where they wish, because the words and the norms for their use have been formulated by the dominant group, men” (Kramarae in Griffin, 2000: 459)
Women, especially those from subordinate groups, are not taken seriously. They are patronized, but not generally truly heard. Corazon Aquino would never have been president had Ninoy Aquino not perish. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo replaced Joseph Estrada when he was ousted. The Muted Group Theory suggests that in order to gain acceptance of their messages, they “re-encode their thoughts to make them understood in the public domain” (Griffin, 2000). Mainstream communication has practically become Kramarae’s “malestream expression” in terms that though the majority of the buying public is composed of women, we still see the shameful proliferation of scantily-clad women in semi-vulgar, semi-accepted advertisements. Power in this society is in the form of heavy, highfalutin words, delivered with aggression and panache, much like Inday’s remarks and witticisms. Had Inday spoken in simpler and gentler, albeit no less poignant language, her jokes would have not become as popular as they are today.
Below are some of these jokes and the author’s digestion of their messages:
- Sagot ni Inday sa amo nung tinanong kung bakit nagkalat and basura sa likod ng bahay.
One of the earlier Inday jokes; it creates an image of calm and able knowledge. Faced with a normally irate question, Inday’s response is methodical, giving mind to causal factors, indicating a well-structured thought patterns, instead of a shy bowing to chastisement.
-Inday kasama si Junior sa principal’s office… ang principal natulala!
Representing junior in school affairs in the absence of parents, here, Inday is the master of one-upmanship, berating even the principal, the highest official and revered persona in the institution. It is an uncommon, if not a refreshing twist, since the social norms are bastardized, ending in the befuddlement of the ultimate symbol of education: the school master. Subtly, it suggests of Inday’s affection for Junior, a mirror of how compassionate and attached the house help are of their employers, treating them as second families, fiercely defending them when in trouble.
- Inday, tumatangging makipagtsismisan sa katulong sa kabilang bahay…
Breaking stereotypes, Inday shows her class by not participating in a favorite afternoon among house help: gossip mongering. The stigma is there, perpetuated by television nannies and movie sidekicks. It reflects a degenerate image: the maid neglecting her duties, choosing to spend her time on the pointless activity that promotes social dissonance. Here, a negative trait is bluntly negated, making excellent point with intricate exposition.
Inday: Because the allergens triggered the immune response. Eosinophillic migration occurs at the reaction site & there’s a sudden release of chemo taxis & anaphylotoxin including histamine & prostaglandins. These substances result to increased circulation at the site, thus, promoting redness…
As usual! Duguan na naman ilong ng ma’am ni Inday!
Inday: I have computed the chair’s fair value less cost to sell and the value in use using projections for five years and a pretax discount rate. Accordingly, the value in use is lower, so I decided to sell the chair. This is in accordance with PAS18 on Revenue, PAS 16 on PPE, and PAS 36 on impairment of Assets.
Amo, hinimatay. Si Inday, accountant din pala!
Teacher: Junior, please explain your work.
Nanahimik si Junior habang kinakalabit ang manggas ng blouse ni Inday
Inday: This is a newly researched contraption in which the mechanical energy exuded upon the camshaft by a series of centrifugal circles with weights that cause inertia and differentials that make the contraption tend to move perpetually with a touch of a fingertip. the force produced then overcomes the magnetic resistance of the alternating electric motor which I used as a dynamo. Once the pinion shaft of this dynamo starts its curvilinear motion that brings about torque and momentum, an alternating Current or more popularly termed as ‘AC’ is formed. This current then passes through the Forward-biased diode, then thus, light energy is formed from mechanical energy…
Teacher: *Laglag panga* (www.blogniinday.com)
Realty Agent: Sir, ito na po ‘yung 20sq.m na warehouse na ibebenta ko sa inyo at a reasonable price… 2.6 M lang po sir…
Amo: Hmm, it seems like a good deal… Wait lang ha, tanong ko lang sa maid namin. What can you say Ms. Binayubay?
Inday: Enough with the senseless blabbering you unscrupulous scoundrel. I have findings that you have not provided us with a 20 sq.m warehouse, rather a smaller one, at only 18.4 sq.m. I have surveyed by pacing the lot and the use of this theodolite and that stadia rod erected by my Rodman.
Napatunganga na lang ang amo pati ang agent.
Inday: Moreover, the truss patterns are pretty conspicuous. As the principles and theories of steel design states, the most stable and suitable shape for a truss is a triangle, yet I have seen this topsy-turvy pattern of squares littered in-between these trusses. I even witnessed several cantilever type booms that don’t even have guy wires to hold them in place. In addition to this, you have not used an anti-rust agent, or even an activated carbon wash to prevent and remove rust from the vertical truss members.
Tuluyang nang dumugo ang ilong ng realty agent. Pero ‘di pa tapos si Inday…
Inday: Also, as the building code suggests in the article on sloping ground, it is required that only a 10% slope or less be used for the flooring level, but to my knowledge, this is not a 10% slope, rather a 30% slope, that may bring about accidents to workers that will be coming and working in this area. To top it all off, the steel has sheered through, have you not calculated the wind load upon the roof aside from the dead and live loads that grace the area? as you can see…
Inilabas na ni Inday ang kanyang Macbook.
Inday: In this Program called STAAD, we can see how your structure will react to certain events. We can see here that even just a mild 30kph wind with the area load of 1KiloNewton may knock down this warehouse.
But wait, there’s more…
Inday: In addition, the 2.6 M price range is outrageous. As I have heard from the municipal engineer of this area, the lot this structure is sitting on cost just about 15,000 pesos per sq.m only, bringing in a property tag of 300,000 pesos. With the realty tax of 50% for industrial-oriented lots, we reach a net price of 450,000 pesos. Now, as you can see, other than that, the appraisal of the engineers aside from me that I consulted only bring the value a little higher than one million pesos. At exactly P1,240,000.50, isn’t it unfair to ask 2.6M from us when at most, you’ll most probably fetch around 1.3 million for this property. Your scam is ridiculous, tormented weasel. Be gone, or I will have to charge you with lawsuit of estafa, malpractice, and numerous offenses against the building code of the Philippines as provisioned by the P.D. 220 and enacted by R.A. 6541 under the title “The National Building Code of the Philippines”….
Biglang nawala ang Realty Agent
Amo: Whoa… *laglag panga*
Inday: And from here, I rest my case… (www.blogniinday.com)
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… A fundamental question of longstanding theoretical interest is to prove lower bounds on the complexity and exact operation counts of Fast Fourier transforms, and many open problems remain. It is not even rigorously proved whether DFTs truly require Ω(NlogN) (i.e., order NlogN or greater) operations, even for the simple case of power of two sizes, although no algorithms with lower complexity are known….
- tinu-tutor ni Inday sa digital signal processing ang kapatid ng kanyang amo na si Mark na nagma-masters sa LaSalle. (www.blogniinday.com)
Rizal: Inday, ang hindi magmahal sa sariling wika ay mas masahol pa sa malansang isda.
Inday: Thank you for your wonderful words of wisdom, but don’t you know that I already read all your writings, unfortunately, I was really disappointed, because majority of your novels were written in Spanish and Latin. So, therefore, you are the ultimate violator of your own aphorism…
-Si Inday! Pati si Rizal kinalaban! Ü
Wielding her superior knowledge, Inday shows her many areas of expertise. This illustrates a common plot in these jokes: a simple answer is met by a meticulously precise response, followed by the inability of the recipient to comprehend or respond to Inday. The above jokes emphasize Inday’s exaggeratedly impressive grasp of accounting, engineering and architectural, historical, technological, mathematical and scientific principles and complexities. She is able to site provisions, formulas and restrictions on the merest provocation and deliver them in a manner astute academicians would be envious of. These jokes are beyond oratorical flattery, we are not simply seeing an excessively smart maid, but a prodigious one. The humor would have been diluted in all the jargon, but what keeps these jokes going is the essence of Inday jokes: she surpasses professionals; graduate students, realtors and teachers, even the national hero. An underdog mentality wholly accepted to be a part of the Filipino psyche.
Ederlyn: Oi anong ulam mo?
Inday: Fillet ala el Niño
Ederlyn: Wow, sosyal. Mukhang masarap, ano ‘yun?
Inday: Stupid (expletive deleted)! Tuyo!
Ederlyn, another SMS-borne character, is assimilated into the Inday lore as a secondary character, whose wits are a paltry compared to Inday’s. Symbolically, it’s the affirmation that the Inday string has surpassed this Ederlyn’s weak chain, but most importantly, Ederlyn provides a foil, a comparison to Inday’s superiority. Ederlyn is a common woman, without any cultural markers, nothing to identify her to any group or class. This also returns Inday to her realities: she is underprivileged yet proud.
Consul: Why do you want to go to the US?
Amo: To travel, visit friends and ride the airplane
Consul: Denied! And you?
Inday: For life is a never ending pursuit of material and social satisfaction that will tender my great intent of actualizing a transpacific journey the land of milk and honey. An affable sanctuary where dreams become reality and a perfect habitat where souls like mine can reach the pedestal of freedom.
Consul: Lifetime multiple entry visa granted!
Inday holds her own, and impresses first-language speakers of her chosen language. Interpreted further, this may be taken as esteem from powerful nations, as Inday vies for respect, we can reflect on the plight for international recognition millions of our overseas country men themselves strive for.
Translator: Siya daw po ay isang Korean..
Amo: Aah ok. Inday, pakitimpla nga kami ng juice
Nagtimpla si Inday ng juice at bumalik sa kanyang amo…
Inday: Sir here’s your juice. (Iniabot din ang isa sa Korean) Hi, it’s my pleasure to bestow you this juice..
Amo: O Inday ‘wag mo na siyang inglesin, mukhang ‘di nakakaintindi.
Inday: Anyong haseo! Inday konsamida, oppa gum nobo yi gawa Philippines? Ah ampoko.. yabuseo.
Amo: (expletive deleted) ka Inday lahat na alam mo!
She is dynamic, able to adapt to situations and cultures, much like the whole country.
-Rosing, katulong sa kabilang bahay na galit kay Inday!
Proving the string’s longevity, the plot evolves and brings in new characters. There are spin-offs, like Manang’s Spanish quotations. Inday develops an adversary, another fluent maid, ridding the string of Inday’s singularity, delving on the idea that many of the house help she represents are not the illiterates society paints them to be. More than the rising of an anti-hero, it is the break from the prejudices that pushes the strings forward.
-Kim Chiu
“But I prefer Starbucks.”
-Inday
-Inday, nadatnan si Junior nanunuod ng Kokey.
Inday is commercial, she is now. Hinting of how she represents the modern discriminated sector; she is cool and aware of the trends.
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Y’all chill if ya don’t want me to call the cops! Ya see (snaps), it’s our turf y’all are kicking it on, so mess with me and I’ll kick yo hairy behinds home! Y’all dig that? Now get the heck outta my face bra! (slams the gate)
- Banat ni Inday n’ung sinugod ng Crips ang alaga niyang si Junior na member ng Bloods
Forgive me, this one’s just hella funny.
“It’s 4 AM and I need to get off from bed. If I have to change the world and make it a better place, what perfect moment than to do it now. When you just sense the need to do things you love, it won’t make you feel enslaved.”
- Inday, alas-kwatro ng umaga, kinakausap ang sarili bago bumangon sa kama. (www.blogniinday.com)
Treating Inday as a character: more a symbol with a distinct personality yet malleable traits shows Sherry Turkle’s Subject theory, which explains that the “avatar” or “fictive identity” and its relationship to the “real” person is not that very important. Inday departs from any “real” house help, but becomes an icon for them. To discuss Inday as one would discuss a living, breathing maid would mix up the underlying concepts essential to giving meaning to this string, much like how treating them as innocent jokes would undermine any real understanding to their relevance. She transcends, in various different ways, reality. Her fabricated accomplishments, really a collection of knowledge from different sources, are simply too far fetched to actually take to academic consideration.
“From the point of view of the medium itself, to seek to understand the avatar’s behavior by establishing a link between that avatar and (a real) identity will tell us very little compared to understanding the way identity is formed within the medium itself” (Turkle in Homes, 2005:142). SMS is a faceless, voiceless medium ruled by words. This removes any aesthetic need to fit into a mould, giving Inday a free range of nuances, essential to any good icon. She is everything and anything, but contained in a semi-specific persona. Her relationship to real house help, nay, her commonalities to them, need not be delved on. Since the real subject of discussion is how she was created in such an anonymous and interactive medium.
SMS messaging is short of all-encompassing for Filipinos, every social class has access to the service as proven by lower and lower charges telecommunications companies charge for the service. It is the prevalent mode of communication because it’s cheap, efficient and fast. Beyond practical economics, text messaging has created a communication culture. Anonymous users can create whatever image they want, devoid of visual or even auditory markers, they can be anyone. “Clans” have been formed due to the unlimited texting services; members are from the same cellular service provider, exchanging messages and widening their social circles via the service. From the telephone party lines and internet chat rooms, virtual socialization has moved on and expanded to the SMS realm. As technology progressed, the “real” identities of participants have become more and more a vague notion, creating a construct that trades purely in images and avatars. This symbolic nature of text messaging has become the communication strength of the Inday symbol. Faceless and voiceless, she is every marginalized sector the voice that takes on and improves on male dominated communication channels. A viable example of Medium theory which “typically looks at how the position of the communicants and the information communicated is determined by different media. But it also suggests something quite radical and different from transmission accounts—the possibility that individuality itself is (at least partially) an effect of a medium. In this view there are no pre-given subjects with an experience of the real. There are no transcendental contexts which pre-exist other contexts and determine how they are experienced” (pp. 140-141). Holmes, D. (2005). Communication theory: Media, technology, and society. London: SAGE.
Inday’s messages, fresh and attention-hungry, are channeled through a medium that fits it perfectly. Text messaging is a foundry for reshaping ideas, innovative symbols and icons. The medium is unbound by standards; it is purely subjective and personal. Anyone can partake in its revision and progress. It has even spawned its own vocabulary; dictated by the length of messages, consonants have been dropped and numbers have replaced syllables. The technology is changing as fast as its users are adapting to it, offering more varied means of communicating through the cellular phone. Multimedia Messaging Service, or MMS, has brought image and sound exchanges, widening the field even more. No communication channel since the cheapening of landline telephone services have has as much wide a reach and as dynamic a culture as SMS messaging.
The Inday text string does not offer any new ideas; it simply opens them to discussion. More than righteous indignation at current suppositions towards marginalized sectors, the relevance of the string is founded upon the fact that is has sparked national attention to a neglected and denied truth that is gender and class bias. The assumptions toward maids and women in general are not being replaced, merely contested and changed. “For contemporary Marxist perspectives on the media, the culture industry is an ‘industry’ in itself… it is a site of the reproduction of existing social relations—particularly class divisions, but also the divisions of gender, ethnicity and race. The Marxist approach is therefore interested in the meanings that are negotiated within the media, and its influence in the reproduction of forms of consciousness that accord with the reproduction of capitalist social relations” Holmes, D. (2005). Communication theory: Media, technology, and society. London: SAGE. (25-26). Communication is predominantly the art of exchange of messages, and the Inday string opens formerly hard-set ideas for change.
The fact that the jokes have continued and are even evolving into specific stories, with loose plots and characters is not only a confirmation of Inday’s social impact, but also of how the stereotype is deeply rooted in our psyches, thus its continuing humor. As long as we Filipinos are proud of the queerest things, such as our masticated form of chivalry, as long as we laugh hardest when we’re laughing at ourselves, Inday will embarrass us with her expository brilliance.
Nilabas ni Inday ang bulletin na ito para sagutin ang mga nagrereklamo sa kanyang pagiging sikat:
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
I would like to take exception to the unwanted and unsolicited opinions that my popularity is not good to the name and standing of all Pinay maids, in particular, and the whole Filipino people, in general. To my detractors, I say stop your derogatory, if not envious, bent. I’m proud of being a maid. The work may be menial but it is honorable. I urge my idol and manay Miriam to call for a bicameral investigation in aid of legislation regarding this matter.
Sincerely,
Inday
(taray talaga!) (www.blogniinday.com)